It is fundamental that national governments play a key role in the response, accountability and prevention activities associated with MRM. The national government should remain the ultimate guarantor of the respect of the rights of children even in situations of armed conflict, and remains the main actor to ensure accountability and to establish mechanisms to prevent further violations. As stated in Security Council Resolution 1612 (2005), the MRM does not intend to replace or to substitute the protection or rehabilitation role of local governments, but rather aims to support and complement this role. National governments have the primary responsibility for the protection of children. This includes holding parties to armed conflict to their responsibilities during armed conflict, including actions or inactions, monitoring and sharing reports of violations, and obtaining remedial action and, in certain cases, judicial or other redress.Īs such, this chapter focuses on the accountability of state and non-state actors of grave violations against children at all times, at the national, regional and international levels, which not only seeks justice for affected children and their communities, but also acts as a preventive tool against future violations by contributing to a culture of enforcement of norms and applicable legal instruments and responsibility.įigure 6: Overview of the components of accountability Accountability includes, inter alia, holding parties to armed conflict responsible for their actions, which negatively impact the lives of children in armed conflict. Ī key objective of the MRM is to enhance the accountability of state and non-state armed groups of grave violations against children. Source: Secretary-General's Report on CAAC (2005). "The purpose of a monitoring, reporting and compliance mechanism is to provide for the systematic gathering of objective, specific and reliable information on grave violations committed against children in situations of armed conflict, leading to well-informed, concerted and effective responses to ensure compliance with international and local children and armed conflict protection norms." 47
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